Business Accounting |
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Business accounting is a key
function of a business that involves keeping track of various transactions being conducted
on a daily basis. With efficient accounting, small
businesses are able to gauge the net worth of the business and the profit
realized on an annual or semi-annual basis. Small businesses usually tend to
ignore bookkeeping practices and this ultimately impacts the ability of the
entrepreneurs to accurately analyze the financial performance of the business and expand
it across geographical boundaries.
Bookkeeping
At the core, accounting is bookkeeping
where every transaction must be entered into the relevant journals and
ledgers. Every transaction conducted by the company would result in dual impact
on the system as a debit and a credit entry will be made. You can either opt
for cash based accounting or accrual accounting whereby in the former, you will be
required to report transactions based on inflow and outflow of cash and in the
latter you will be required to report transactions based on the inflow and
outflow of goods and services. Business accounting would also involve bank
reconciliations whereby bank statements received are compared to the bank
account maintained in the general journal.
Software for bookkeeping is easily available where entries are documented and updated automatically into the relevant ledgers accounts. The software will
also allow the company to extract its balance, profit and loss, account
and balance sheet at the year end to highlight any discrepancies.
Payroll System
Business accounting could also
entail managing a payroll system as one of the greatest costs incurred by small
businesses is that of human resources. The payroll system usually involves a
list of employees whereby specifying the wage rate per hour or per piece will
produce the wages of the employees. Salaried employees are also managed by the
payroll system whereas tax deductions made by the employer are also accounted for.
Taxation
Every business incurs a tax
liability based on profits realized and this needs to be paid on an annual
basis. The tax is computed on the basis of taxable profit that is different
from accounting profit due to different assumptions placed by taxation
authorities and accountants. Furthermore, quarterly taxes are also
required to be submitted to relevant authorities and these include sales and payroll tax returns.
Hiring an Accountant
Keeping track of accounts
requires specialized skills and an entrepreneur might not have the necessary
skills for maintaining accounts or might not find the time to keep record of
every transaction conducted. Small businesses usually feel that hiring an
accountant does not add value to the business and rather creates an extra cost
to the business. However, hiring an accountant would allow the sole proprietor or
partnership to maintain efficient business accounting and effectively reduce
the chances of errors. Small businesses can hire accountants on a part
time basis and therefore reduce the cost of an accountant while also ensuring
proper bookkeeping.